Conventional reciprocating circuits use a four-way directional valve connected directly to a cylinder. In a regenerative reciprocating circuit, oil from the rod end of the…

A reciprocating cylinder drive is a very common hydraulic system. In systems where it is not necessary to hold pressure at the end of a…

The circuit shown in Figures 28.2-28.4 allow selection of operating pressure limits in a hydraulic system from three options, namely, two maximum pressures, plus venting.…

An “unloading” system is used to divert pump flow to a tank during part of the operational cycle to reduce power demand. This is done…

Closed circuits are widely employed in vehicles performing running, circling or HST (Hydro Static Transmission: no shift change for speed change) functions. One of the…

This figure is an example of a motor that turns both directions. With the solenoid valve in position 1, the hydraulic motor turns right. After…

This circuit intensifies pressure by using the difference between cap and head area in cylinders. In the following figure, the solenoid valve for adding pressure…

This circuit detects the position of two cylinders and uses two servo valves to control the amount of working fluid required to adjust synchronization errors.…

This circuit realizes a very accurate synchronized motion via combined synchronizing cylinders. But, sometimes, spacing becomes an issue because it requires the volume of all…

With the shafts combined, these motors can displace the same amount of working fluid to and from each cylinder. The accuracy of the amount of…