A simple circuit with fixed displacement pump is shown in Fig. 4.3. Circuits with fixed displacement pumps are called constant-flow circuits. The key concept is…
Vane and piston pumps are available as fixed or variable displacement pumps. If the cam ring is fixed in position (vane pump), or the swashplate…
Suppose a flow of fluid is delivered to a hydraulic cylinder, causing it to extend. The cylinder has a cross-sectional area A and delivers a…
The simplest and most robust positive displacement pump, having just two moving parts, is the gear pump. Its parts are non-reciprocating, move at constant speed…
Figure 2.5a shows the by now familiar system where a load is raised or lowered by a hydraulic cylinder. With valve V1 open, fluid flows…
The motor power required to drive a pump is determined by the pump capacity and working pressure. From expression 1.6: In Figure 2.3, a pump…
A hydraulic pump (Figure 2.1) takes oil from a tank and delivers it to the rest of the hydraulic circuit. In doing so it raises…
Pressure occurs in a fluid when it is subjected to a force. In Figure 1.4 a force F is applied to an enclosed fluid via…
Pneumatic and hydraulic systems generally rely on pressure in a fluid. Before we can discuss definitions of pressure, though, we must first be clear what…
Figure 1.3 shows the components of a pneumatic system. The basic actuator is again a cylinder, with maximum force on the shaft being determined by…